Video: The evil fate of the Ulyanov family: How did the fate of Lenin's brothers and sisters
2024 Author: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-15 23:55
152 years ago in the Ulyanov family the eldest son Alexander was born. He was destined to live only 21 years, but during this time he managed to commit an act that entered his name in history - and not only because his younger brother was Lenin … Alexander Ulyanov prepared an attempt on the life of Emperor Alexander III, which fatally affected not only the life of the revolutionary himself, but also the fate of all members of his family.
In a student of the natural department of the physics and mathematics faculty, no one could make out the future revolutionary. The teachers spoke of him as a very capable student with great expectations. In 1886, Alexander Ulyanov received a gold medal for his scientific work in the zoology of invertebrates. Nadezhda Krupskaya wrote in her memoirs: "".
After the dispersal of a student demonstration in 1886, Alexander Ulyanov joined the Narodnaya Volya pariah and began to participate in meetings of illegal circles. He considered terror to be the only method of fighting the autocracy. Together with other revolutionaries, he prepared an attempt on the emperor's life, but it never took place - the "Terrorist faction" was exposed, all 15 participants in the conspiracy were detained and arrested. The investigation did not last long - Alexander Ulyanov not only admitted his guilt, but also declared his leading role in preparing the assassination attempt. He was sentenced to death. He celebrated his last 21st birthday in prison. In May 1887 the sentence was carried out. Many historians believe that it was the fate of his brother that had a decisive influence on the choice of the life path of Vladimir Ulyanov. In December of the same 1887 he became a participant in student protests, for which he was arrested and expelled from the university. This was the beginning of his political activities.
The elder sister Anna Ulyanova, who then studied at the Bestuzhev Higher Courses for Women in St. Petersburg, was also involved in this case. At the age of 20, she was carried away by revolutionary ideas and in 1886, together with other students, participated in a demonstration. She was arrested on suspicion of involvement in terrorist organizations, considering her an accomplice to Alexander Ulyanov, was tried and sentenced to 5-year exile. In 1889, Anna married Mark Elizarov and continued to participate in the social democratic movement. After the revolution, she worked in the People's Commissar for Social Security and the People's Commissariat for Education. Anna was the author of a memoir about Lenin entitled "Ilyich's childhood and school years." She died in 1935.
Olga Ulyanova, like all the children in their family, achieved considerable academic success in her youth, graduated from high school with a gold medal and dreamed of becoming a teacher. However, she was denied the position as the sister of a state criminal. In 1890, she still managed to become a student of the Bestuzhev courses, but she studied for only six months. In 1891 Olga fell ill with typhus and died - on the same day her brother Alexander was hanged, only 4 years later.
The younger brother of Vladimir Ulyanov, Dmitry, was also carried away by revolutionary ideas in his student years and participated in meetings of illegal Marxist circles. He was expelled from Moscow University on charges of unauthorized activity, but he continued his studies at the University of Tartu. Dmitry chose a medical career for himself, served as a military doctor, and after the revolution he worked in the People's Commissariat of Health, then in the clinic of the Kremlin's Sanitary Administration. He died during the Great Patriotic War in 1943. After Lenin's death, a myth arose that all the Ulyanovs in the male line lived no longer than 54 years, but Dmitry lived 69 years.
The youngest daughter of the Ulyanovs, Maria, at the age of 20, joined the RSDLP, was engaged in the distribution of forbidden literature, and acted as a liaison. She was arrested several times. For some time she had to hide from persecution in Switzerland and France, where she studied at the Sorbonne, receiving a diploma in French teacher. After the revolution, she worked in the editorial office of the newspaper Pravda. Maria Ulyanova passed away in 1937 at the age of 59.
Researchers often focus on the fact that all of Lenin's brothers and sisters remained childless - only Dmitry had a daughter in his second marriage. Anna had adopted children, and Maria never got married. Some historians are inclined to believe that the life choice of the elder brother (who could well have become a brilliant zoologist) and his execution had a fatal impact on the fate of all the Ulyanovs and predetermined their future. And they conclude that if Lenin's older brother had not been carried away by the ideas of revolution, then perhaps there would have been no October coup in 1917. Although history, as you know, does not tolerate the subjunctive mood …
A lot of controversy still continues around another famous figure involved in the events of those years. A convinced terrorist or a victim of circumstances: who was Fanny Kaplan, who shot Lenin.
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