Marriage traditions in Russia: how to pass a casting and marry a tsar
Marriage traditions in Russia: how to pass a casting and marry a tsar

Video: Marriage traditions in Russia: how to pass a casting and marry a tsar

Video: Marriage traditions in Russia: how to pass a casting and marry a tsar
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The bride's bride. Myasoedov G. G. 2nd half of the 19th century
The bride's bride. Myasoedov G. G. 2nd half of the 19th century

To find a wife, the Russian tsars of the 16th-17th centuries. arranged bridal shows, to which only the most beautiful and healthy virgins were allowed. Boyar families competed among themselves for the opportunity to marry their fiancee. The fate of eminent families and even the course of the history of the Moscow kingdom depended on the results of this medieval casting.

Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich's choice of a bride. Sedov G. S., 1882
Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich's choice of a bride. Sedov G. S., 1882

In the XV-XVI centuries. Russian tsars had many problems when choosing a bride. European royals were reluctant to send their daughters to this wild, isolated land. They also did not want their godly princesses to be baptized into the Orthodox faith.

It was not much easier to become related to the noble families of Russia. Although the Moscow tsars were considered omnipotent, in fact they were dependent on the boyar families. Here, marriage issues were constantly interfered with by intrigue and power struggles.

Choosing a bride. Nikitin S
Choosing a bride. Nikitin S

In 1505, the future Tsar Vasily III decided to hold the first bride brides in Russia in order to choose the ideal life partner. This custom, borrowed from the Byzantine Empire, became popular in Russia for the next two hundred years.

Choice of the royal (grand ducal) bride. Repin I. E., 1884-1887
Choice of the royal (grand ducal) bride. Repin I. E., 1884-1887

At the first stage of the "selection", representatives of the tsar traveled to all corners of the country with a special tsar's decree. It instructed to present all young girls to "regional shows". The royal ambassadors selected candidates in many ways. The Tsar's bride had to be tall, beautiful and healthy. Much attention was paid to the presence of many children with her parents. Naturally, the "political reliability" of the girl's family was checked.

The first meeting of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich with the Hawthorn Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya (Choice of the Tsar's bride). Nesterov M., 1887
The first meeting of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich with the Hawthorn Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya (Choice of the Tsar's bride). Nesterov M., 1887

From 500 to 1500 selected girls went to Moscow to participate in the next round of selection. The rivals appeared before a jury of courtiers and doctors, where they were eliminated in several rounds. Here the court intrigues had already begun. Noble families promoted their female relatives and tried to get them to the finals. At the same time, collusion was even organized against especially promising candidates for the title of queen.

Boyarsky wedding feast. Makovsky K. E., 1883
Boyarsky wedding feast. Makovsky K. E., 1883

Several dozen girls who passed the previous stages of the selection reached the final round. It was very similar to the television show The Bachelor.

Choosing a bride. Kirillov I
Choosing a bride. Kirillov I

They were lodged in a large, beautiful house, all dressed in beautiful dresses. Finally, when the king arrived, future brides came to his room and bowed at his feet. The king gave each of the girls a scarf embroidered with gold or silver thread and pearls.

Down the aisle. Makovsky K. E., 1884
Down the aisle. Makovsky K. E., 1884

The tsar watched the candidates, when they all dined at the same table, as well as in private communication, in order to make the right choice from this wonderful company. When the king made his choice, he gave the betrothed a gold ring. In 1505, Solomonia Saburova became the first queen to undergo a similar casting of Tsar Vasily III.

Engraving. Maria Khlopova, the future bride of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich
Engraving. Maria Khlopova, the future bride of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich

The rest of the finalists were taken into wives by influential boyars, or they were sent home with money and expensive gifts, but they could also be sent to Siberia, depending on the mood of the tsar.

The wedding of Nicholas 2 and Alexandra Feodorovna. Repin I. E., 1894
The wedding of Nicholas 2 and Alexandra Feodorovna. Repin I. E., 1894

Bride shows fell out of fashion at the end of the 17th century. The Romanovs increasingly began to marry European princesses, and Russia entered the political life of Western Europe.

The custom of viewing brides for the Russian monarch is widely reflected in the paintings of Russian artists. Interesting that Ilya Repin's paintings were surrounded by inexplicable mysticism and myths.

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