The mysterious and tragic fate of Rembrandt's "Danae": a detective-melodramatic story
The mysterious and tragic fate of Rembrandt's "Danae": a detective-melodramatic story

Video: The mysterious and tragic fate of Rembrandt's "Danae": a detective-melodramatic story

Video: The mysterious and tragic fate of Rembrandt's
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Rembrandt. Danae, 1636-1647
Rembrandt. Danae, 1636-1647

The most famous painting by Rembrandt - "Danae" - from the moment of its creation to the present day, it has fallen into such stories that its preservation can be considered a miracle. The external appearance of the woman captured on the canvas has undergone changes so many times that it is now impossible to restore its original version. How did the artist manage to portray his wife and mistress at the same time, and who and why tried to destroy the painting in the twentieth century? - read the answers to these questions below.

Rembrandt. Danae, 1636-1647. Fragment
Rembrandt. Danae, 1636-1647. Fragment

Originally "Danae" was a hymn to mutual love - in this image Rembrandt wrote his young wife - Saskia. This girl became a muse for the artist for many years. Rembrandt created Danae in 1636, 2 years after his wedding with Saskia. But family happiness was very short-lived.

Saskia in the paintings of Rembrandt
Saskia in the paintings of Rembrandt

The woman's poor health did not allow her to give birth to healthy children - they died in infancy. Only one son, Titus, was lucky to survive, but it cost his mother her life - in 1642 Saskia died. The maid Gertier Dirks became Titus's nurse, and soon Rembrandt's mistress.

Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn

Quarrels often flared up between lovers - Gertier was jealous of Rembrandt for Saskia even after her death, her features were too clearly visible on all canvases. The biggest irritation in Gertier was caused by "Danae", on which Saskia seemed to come to life. The woman demanded to change her appearance, endowing her with features. And the artist followed her lead - he rewrote the picture, giving a portrait resemblance to his mistress.

Rembrandt. Gertier Dierckx (Woman in bed), c. 1645
Rembrandt. Gertier Dierckx (Woman in bed), c. 1645

Modern radiographic analysis confirmed the changes in 1646-47. in the central part of the picture and in the facial features - Danae really combined the features of his wife and mistress at the same time. The annoying Gertier did not calm down on this - she demanded that the artist change the pose of the lying woman and the outlines of her figure. Then Rembrandt took the painting to the pantry so that Gertier would leave her nagging behind. But the misadventures of "Danae" did not stop there.

X-ray of Danae's hand: X-ray shows two raised hands
X-ray of Danae's hand: X-ray shows two raised hands

In 1656 "Danae" was sold, among other paintings, for Rembrandt's debts. She passed from one owner to another, until she replenished the collection of Pierre Crozat, which was later bought by Catherine II. This is how Danae ended up in the Hermitage.

Danae in the Hermitage
Danae in the Hermitage

On June 15, 1985, an emergency occurred in the Hermitage: in broad daylight, one of the visitors slashed the painting of Danae twice with a knife, and then doused it with sulfuric acid. The vandal turned out to be 48-year-old Lithuanian unemployed Bronius Maigis. They say that before that he shouted "Freedom for Lithuania!", Although the Lithuanians deny this fact. The offender was found insane and released from criminal liability.

Danae after the assassination attempt
Danae after the assassination attempt
Danae before and after the assassination attempt
Danae before and after the assassination attempt

They rushed to save the masterpiece instantly, washing the canvas with water. The central part of the painting suffered the most: the acid burned deep grooves in the painting layer, which filled the dark colors that flowed down from the top of the painting. But by evening, the chemical reaction was stopped. As a result, about 30% of the author's letter was irretrievably lost.

G. Shirokov, A. Rakhman and E. Gerasimov are working on the restoration of the painting by Rembrandt
G. Shirokov, A. Rakhman and E. Gerasimov are working on the restoration of the painting by Rembrandt
Work on the restoration of the masterpiece
Work on the restoration of the masterpiece

The restoration of "Danae" lasted 12 long years. Since there was a lot of work to be done, and it inevitably led to changes in the original version, many suggested leaving everything as it is - they say, otherwise nothing will remain of Rembrandt at all. But the restorers continued their work. They managed to strengthen the paint layer and the primer, restore the varnish, and remove the incrustations.

Restorers are working to restore the masterpiece
Restorers are working to restore the masterpiece

In 1997, the masterpiece returned to the Hermitage, this time under armored glass. Although the restorers managed to restore the painting, many art connoisseurs say: "Danae" is dead. She no longer has the feelings of an artist. " Bronius Maigis never regretted his deed. He once said: “I do not feel any regret that I destroyed a masterpiece of world significance. It means that it was poorly guarded and looked after, if I managed to do it so comparatively easily”.

Danae after restoration
Danae after restoration

Many mysteries are hidden not only in Rembrandt's Danae: 6 fascinating secrets hidden in the works of art of the great masters of the pastare no less interesting.

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