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Video: Petro Doroshenko - hetman of all Ukraine and ancestor of Pushkin's wife
2024 Author: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-15 23:55
Petr Dorofeevich Doroshenko is one of the most famous Cossack hetmans of the 17th century. His grandfather, Mikhail, was a Cossack hetman, an associate and successor of Peter Sagaidachny himself, and laid his head in one of the campaigns to the Crimea. Pyotr Dorofeevich's father was elected as a temporary (temporary) Cossack hetman.
It was written to Petro Doroshenko to follow in the footsteps of his father and grandfather - both of them in the past wore the hetman's mace. He was a native of the glorious city of Chigirin, the old Cossack capital. In the same place, in Chigirin, he became related to the Khmelnitsky family, having married Lyubov Pavlovna Yanenko, the daughter of the great hetman's nephew. It seems that for Peter it was not a marriage of convenience alone.
Sultan instead of the king
During the war for the independence of Ukraine, Peter went a long way: he visited the post of colonel Priluk, Chigirin and Cherkassy, served for some time as general chief of the hetman Teteri. Finally, he achieved his goal - on October 10, 1665, the right-bank colonels elected him as mandated hetman of the Right-bank Ukraine. And at the beginning of January 1666 in Chigirin the Cossack Council approved the choice of the foreman.
According to the Andrusiv armistice of 1667, Ukraine was divided between two warring states: the Left Bank with Kiev retreated under the protectorate of Moscow, and the Right Bank remained under the rule of the Poles. The ambitious newly elected hetman did not want to rule over any one part - he wanted to be a full-fledged ruler. Having lost faith in both the Poles and the Muscovites, he decided to rely on the Turkish Sultan Mehmed IV, who had promised mountains of gold back to Bohdan Khmelnitsky.
It seemed that fate favored him - an anti-Moscow uprising had just broken out on the Left Bank. The hetmans of both banks met in a military camp near Opishnya for negotiations, but “unexpectedly” the left-bank Cossacks killed their leader, and on June 8, 1668, Doroshenko was proclaimed hetman of all Ukraine.
At that very time, the unexpected happened - the hetman received the news that his wife Lyuba had cheated on him. And he rushed headlong into Chigirin, appointing Chernihiv Colonel Demyan Mnogogreshny as hetman order.
It seems that Pyotr Dorofeevich did not really understand people. While he was solving his personal affairs, Demyan the Many-sinful took another sin on his soul and betrayed his patron. He declared himself not an orderly, but a permanent hetman of the Left Bank. And then he signed the so-called Glukhov articles, strengthening Ukraine's ties with Russia, contrary to Doroshenko's pro-Turkish plans.
Dear prisoner
Returning to Chigirin, Petro Doroshenko severely punished his wife. As contemporaries wrote figuratively, … However, Lyuba did not heed her husband's "arguments". But the fiasco awaited Peter not only on the family front. The hetman saw that the Turks brought even more grief to Ukraine than the Poles and Muscovites combined. Desperate and having lost many supporters, Doroshenko surrendered on September 19, 1676 to the Moscow-Cossack army led by Prince Romodanovsky and hetman Samoilovich (By that time, Mogogreshny had already become disliked by the tsar, and he was exiled to Irkutsk). Peter was sent to Moscow in an honorable captivity and never returned to his homeland.
Lyuba Doroshenko did not want to be the "Decembrist's wife". But nevertheless, the obstinate was sent to her husband, equipping
The Russian tsar treated the rebellious hetman with great respect. In any case, with much more than Demyan the Many-sinful. In 1679, Doroshenko was even appointed governor of Vyatka, where he served for three years.
Later, the former hetman received from the tsar for his service the village of Yaropolets near Moscow (now the Volokolamsk district of the Moscow region).
By that time, the middle-aged Petro Doroshenko had become a widow, and yet he risked marrying again - to the high-ranking noblewoman Agafya Yeropkina, who descended from the Smolensk princes.
This marriage, albeit for a short moment, gave the former hetman of All Ukraine family happiness. They had two sons, Alexander and Peter, and a daughter, Catherine. They gave birth to abundant offspring across Russia. The hetman's great-great-granddaughter was the wife of the great poet Pushkin, Natalia Goncharova.
Doroshenko died in Bose in 1698. But his descendants did not forget about him. Natalia's brother Dmitry Goncharov erected a chapel over the grave of his ancestor in Yaropolts. In 1953 it was dismantled, but restored in 1999.
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