Table of contents:
- About the ancestors of the Pushkins
- Education, career and children of Sergei Lvovich
- Landowner, retired military man, soul of company and rake
Video: What was the person who brought up the genius of Russian literature: Sergei Lvovich Pushkin
2024 Author: Richard Flannagan | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-15 23:55
The biography of Sergei Lvovich Pushkin was destined to be forever driven into four words: "the father of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin." To himself, probably, such a laconic summing up of life's path would have seemed offensive and unfair. No, in his own eyes, Pushkin the father was a figure quite worthy of a separate mention in books - including as the author of numerous poems.
About the ancestors of the Pushkins
He was considered the eldest in relation to his famous offspring, primarily Alexander, but in general Sergei Lvovich was a representative of the ancient and glorious Pushkin family, whose history dates back either to the thirteenth century and the reign of Alexander Nevsky, or even to an earlier period of Russian history. The family name was given in the XIV century by Gregory Pushka, who participated in the battle with the Tatars and mastered the first cannon in Russia - thanks to which he received his nickname. The Pushkin family has always been close to the rulers.
In the poem "My Genealogy" Alexander Pushkin wrote:
It is known from the poet's notes that his grandfather, the father of Sergei Lvovich, had a very hot and even cruel disposition, as if his first wife died "on straw", imprisoned by her husband in a domestic prison. This information is not historically confirmed, which, however, does not negate the fact that Lev Alexandrovich's character was indeed dashing. There was a legend that during the Catherine's coup in 1762, he refused to betray the Emperor Peter III, for which he was imprisoned by Catherine in the fortress, and after that he was exiled to Moscow.
In conclusion, Lev Alexandrovich Pushkin really got caught, but not for loyalty to the emperor, but for cruel treatment of serfs. The mother of Sergei Lvovich was Olga Vasilievna Chicherina, the second wife of his father. How Lev Alexandrovich raised his children can be judged by his reputation as a landowner and owner of serfs; it is noteworthy that Sergei, having become a father in turn, never raised his hands to children and generally had a reputation as a gentle person, not devoid, however, of other shortcomings.
Education, career and children of Sergei Lvovich
Pushkin was given a good education, Sergei and his brother Vasily received a secular upbringing, were fluent in French, and prepared for a military career. From the age of five, Sergei Lvovich was enrolled in the guard, gradually "moved up" in accordance with the traditions of that time - in absentia, and then with personal participation, and finally rose to the rank of major, after which he left the service.
In those years, Sergei was establishing family life: in 1796 he married Nadezhda Osipovna Hannibal, his distant relative. For the bride they gave the village of Mikhailovskoye in the Pskov province, the groom had the villages of Boldino and Kistenevo in the Nizhny Novgorod province - the marriage looked worthy and mutually beneficial, especially since Pushkin was known as an educated person and perfectly mastered the methods of high society communication. He read Moliere by heart, and in general he loved French poetry and drama, read poetry with pleasure and took part in home performances, was the soul of evenings and holidays, organizer of charades and other salon games.
The firstborn of the Pushkins was Olga, who was born in 1797, Alexander was born next. In addition to the two of them, only one child of Sergei Lvovich and Nadezhda Osipovna survived to adulthood - Leo, who became a faithful friend and support of the poet. Thanks to his phenomenal memory, he could memorize the entire works of his brother Alexander, and perhaps, had he written them down on paper, Pushkin's legacy would have increased by a significant number of poems and ballads, but, alas, many unpublished ones went into oblivion together with his brother Leo.
Brother Nikolai, two years younger than Alexander, lived only six years; Sophia, Pavel, Michael and Plato, who were born after Leo, died as infants. In total, the Pushkins had eight children. Nadezhda Osipovna, it just so happened, buried children several times, being in a position - at the same period, her eldest son Alexander was preparing to enter the Lyceum. The poet will have a cool relationship with his mother all his life, however, he was not particularly close with his father, at least until his thirty years.
Landowner, retired military man, soul of company and rake
Sergei Lvovich Pushkin, despite the fact that he kept numerous servants, had the habit of complaining about the lack of money and was rather stingy, including in matters of maintaining his son. During the southern exile, Alexander had to by hook or by crook persuade his father to send at least some money for expenses: Pushkin, the son, had no opportunity to raise money with a pen. was engaged in army provisions. Finally, Sergei Lvovich retired in 1817 with the rank of state councilor, quite a high one, considering that he did not show any special talents in the civil service.
After the return of Alexander and placing him under supervision in the parental village of Mikhailovskoye, it was Sergei Lvovich who supplied information about him to the gendarmes - thus fulfilling the order to report on his son's meetings and pastimes. This caused a serious conflict, and only thanks to the mediation of Delvig in 1828, reconciliation took place.
The death of the poet Sergei Lvovich was very upset. Blamed Natalya Nikolaevna for what happened. He even started a lawsuit and regained the village of Mikhailovskoye, which the widow did not resist. There he spent time, from time to time coming to live with relatives in Moscow or St. Petersburg. The last years of Sergei Lvovich Pushkin were marked by loneliness: his wife died even before Alexander, daughter Olga left for her husband in Warsaw, son Lev served in the Caucasus. Pushkin Sr. remained his old and ineradicable passion - young women.
Sergei Lvovich contrived to follow the girls until his death in 1848. A few days before his death, he, as they say, managed to propose to his daughter Anna Kern - the one who was the addressee of Pushkin Jr.'s poems. In general, love for young girls at the end of Sergei Lvovich's life became, perhaps, his main characteristic. Outwardly, he did little to match Casanova's image: short, "fat, deaf, toothless", but, nevertheless, selflessly indulged in another platonic hobby, wrote poetry, in which he considered himself no worse than Alexander.
And about another relative of the great poet: arapa of Peter the Great.
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