Miscellaneous 2024, November

Secrets of the life of the pioneer printer Ivan Fedorov: The path to enlightenment and the struggle for survival

Secrets of the life of the pioneer printer Ivan Fedorov: The path to enlightenment and the struggle for survival

Ivan Fedorov is usually called "the first Russian book printer". In fact, this is not entirely true. And before him, paper editions were printed in the country. The difference is that Fedorov was the first to indicate the source data and himself as the author. The same publications were anonymous. But this craft did not bring national recognition to Ivan

How did the fate of foreign idols who were adored in the Soviet Union: "Arabesques", "Genghis Khan" and others

How did the fate of foreign idols who were adored in the Soviet Union: "Arabesques", "Genghis Khan" and others

They seemed to open the door to an inaccessible foreign world. Karel Gott, the Arabesque and Genghis Khan groups and even the Baltic Orange seemed almost aliens from another planet. Today, listeners have access to performances of completely different performers, but still, those whose performances were shown after three hours on New Year's Eve, many remember with slight nostalgia

How was the fate of the Torsuev twin brothers, the stars of the film "The Adventures of Electronics"

How was the fate of the Torsuev twin brothers, the stars of the film "The Adventures of Electronics"

The film with the participation of Vladimir and Yuri Torsuev was released in 1980, and the boys, similar to each other, like two drops of water, immediately became famous. After such a successful debut, it seemed that all the doors were open for the Torsuev brothers, but they failed to repeat their success in the cinema, and life kept throwing surprises on Yuri and Vladimir, and they were not always pleasant

Who suffered from repression in the Stalin family, and Why did the "leader of the peoples" never stand up for loved ones?

Who suffered from repression in the Stalin family, and Why did the "leader of the peoples" never stand up for loved ones?

Becoming the wife of the ruler of a country is not a winning lottery ticket for a woman and her entire family? Not always. For example, to be in property with Stalin meant in the same way to fall under repression like anyone else

For which Valentina Grizodubova received the Star of the Hero of the USSR, and then almost fell under the tribunal

For which Valentina Grizodubova received the Star of the Hero of the USSR, and then almost fell under the tribunal

A legendary man, a famous woman aviator - Valentina Stepanovna Grizodubova. She has several world records, dozens of trained pilots, command of a regiment (not women, but men). In love with the sky, devoted to her work with all her soul, she lived a bright and eventful life. She did everything and did everything. Except for one thing - a general, as she dreamed (to prove - women can too), she never became. Uncompromising, straightforward and bold - such "far away" to

Why did Nina Veselovskaya, the star of the film "Walking through the agony" disappear from the screens?

Why did Nina Veselovskaya, the star of the film "Walking through the agony" disappear from the screens?

She burst into the world of cinema quickly, winning the sympathy of the audience from the first frame and earning censure from her teachers. Nina Veselovskaya made her film debut in the image of Dasha Bulavina in Grigory Roshal's "Walking Through the Torment", becoming one of the best performers of this role. The actress had thousands of fans, she was recognized on the streets and asked for autographs. But today, probably, only true connoisseurs of cinema and theater will be able to remember the name of the amazingly talented actress

Why was the road to the cinema closed to the star of the film "The Train Goes East" Lydia Dranovskaya

Why was the road to the cinema closed to the star of the film "The Train Goes East" Lydia Dranovskaya

After the release of the film "The Train Goes East" Lydia Dranovskaya, who had previously starred in small roles, literally woke up famous. The audience revised the picture several times, and the actress herself received an incredible number of letters from different cities of the vast country. Physicians and teachers, soldiers, sailors, engineers and even children wrote to her. But after her star film, the actress starred only in episodes and small roles. Why Lydia Dranovskaya was deprived of the opportunity to be a full-fledged slave

Why Anna Akhmatova cut off the correspondence with Faina Ranevskaya

Why Anna Akhmatova cut off the correspondence with Faina Ranevskaya

They were completely different, Anna Akhmatova and Faina Ranevskaya. Refined, outwardly cold poetess has earned the reputation of the Snow Queen. The actress was very temperamental, sharp-tongued and ironic to the point of bitterness. And yet Anna Akhmatova and Faina Ranevskaya were tied by a strong and very touching friendship. They could talk for hours, and at a distance from each other they actively corresponded. But in 1946, this correspondence ended at the initiative of Anna Akhmatova

10 Soviet actors and actresses who got roles "through pull"

10 Soviet actors and actresses who got roles "through pull"

Nowadays, more and more often, directors are accused of filming actors, choosing them from friends or good acquaintances. Perhaps these accusations are fair, but do not forget that this practice has always existed, and many directors gladly filmed their wives in films. Even in Soviet times, there were such actresses and actors who became famous thanks to their family ties or simply very useful acquaintances

Why Elina Bystritskaya did not want to act with Bondarchuk, and Lyubov Orlova could not stand Bystritskaya

Why Elina Bystritskaya did not want to act with Bondarchuk, and Lyubov Orlova could not stand Bystritskaya

Elina Bystritskaya is one of the most beautiful and talented actresses in Soviet cinema. She had a difficult character, the actress always behaved like a king, was quick-tempered, but no one could accuse Elina Bystritskaya of some unreasonable whims. She was very fond of the technical staff, Bystritskaya tried to stay level with her colleagues, but the actress refused to act with Sergei Bondarchuk. And Lyubov Orlova did not want to act with Elina Bystritskaya

7 domestic actors who managed to conquer foreign cinema

7 domestic actors who managed to conquer foreign cinema

Despite the fact that not every talented actor succeeds in starting a successful career abroad, our compatriots again and again try their hand at foreign film studios. However, talented artists are always and everywhere treated with respect, and our especially successful compatriots are quite productive filming abroad. Probably one of the most striking examples of a successful career is Yul Brynner, but modern actors also have roles that they can rightfully be proud of

Who was rehabilitated after Stalin's death and what happened to them at large

Who was rehabilitated after Stalin's death and what happened to them at large

The flywheel of Stalin's repressions swept across the country. The fact that after his death the prisoners of the camps were freed did not mean that they could return to normal life. Rehabilitation of yesterday's convicts took place in several stages and dragged on for decades. A certain category of prisoners was not able to find freedom at all. By what criteria were prisoners selected for amnesty and what happened to them at large?

Who attempted to assassinate Stalin in 1937, and whether this event became the cause of mass repressions

Who attempted to assassinate Stalin in 1937, and whether this event became the cause of mass repressions

The repressions, which went down in history as "mass terror", reached a culmination and moved to a new exorbitant level after the execution of eight leaders - the top of the country's military command. Not just the leaders of military districts and directorates, but those who went through the civil war, revolutionaries with colossal combat experience, and all this on the eve of World War II. Despite the enormous historical and political role of this event, it went down in history as the most brutal milestone of the repression

Was Tukhachevsky really an anti-Stalinist conspirator, and why was the leader in a hurry to shoot

Was Tukhachevsky really an anti-Stalinist conspirator, and why was the leader in a hurry to shoot

On the night of June 12, 1937, a death sentence was executed in the so-called Tukhachevsky case (in the official interpretation - "a military-fascist conspiracy in the Red Army"). True, after 20 years by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, the previous decision was canceled with the termination of proceedings for the absence of a crime in the actions of the sentenced. But the i's are dotted only legally. In the historical context, the questions have only increased. Was there a conspiracy by the military? Did Tukhachevsky use chemical weapons

How was the fate of the girl who played the main role in the film "Foundling": Veronika Lebedeva

How was the fate of the girl who played the main role in the film "Foundling": Veronika Lebedeva

More than 80 years ago, the film "Foundling" was released on Soviet screens, and little Natasha, who went on a big trip around Moscow, captivates the viewer with her spontaneity even today. The leading actress, Veronica Lebedeva, was only 4.5 years old at the start of filming, but this was not her first film work. True, having matured, the girl did not begin to associate her life with the acting profession

Who could have been in Brezhnev's place, or why Khrushchev's unofficial successor Frol Kozlov fell into disgrace

Who could have been in Brezhnev's place, or why Khrushchev's unofficial successor Frol Kozlov fell into disgrace

In February 1964, Frol Kozlov, the unofficial successor of Nikita Khrushchev, found himself in disgrace. Frol Romanovich, to his career heyday, was the second person in the Khrushchev party. He managed to be noted in his rejection of the rehabilitation of Stalin's victims. He inherited in the frames of a series of trials of the so-called "Leningrad case". And, they say, he initiated the shooting of the mutinous workers during the Novocherkassk riot. Nikita Sergeevich largely listened to the opinion of his ubiquitous companion. But

Who the "red marshal" Kotovsky really was: a lucky bandit or a fighter for justice

Who the "red marshal" Kotovsky really was: a lucky bandit or a fighter for justice

Grigory Kotovsky's shaved head went down in the history of the Russian hairdressing craft. At the beginning of the 20th century, it was enough to say: "under Kotovsky", and the master knew what he was talking about. Everyone knew about the dashing exploits of Grigory Ivanovich. An open question remains who he was after all: a successful bandit of hard times or a convinced fighter for justice?

Important meetings and casual companions of Elena Yakovleva: What role did the trips play in the life of the actress

Important meetings and casual companions of Elena Yakovleva: What role did the trips play in the life of the actress

The name of Elena Yakovleva is known today to almost everyone who is interested in Russian cinema. And once she dreamed of becoming a tram driver or conductor. Elena Yakovleva loved trains since childhood, and fate gave her the opportunity to fully enjoy travel, because her profession involves many tours, filming in different cities and, of course, meetings on the way, random and planned, but always very important

Corruption in the USSR: How officials took bribes and promoted their children

Corruption in the USSR: How officials took bribes and promoted their children

Exclaiming, they say "Stalin is not on you!" most are convinced that there was no corruption in the USSR. And if there was, then somewhere in the outback, "away from Stalin" and the party elite. Meanwhile, even the official data show that corruption was not only blooming, but flourishing, however, as always in Russia. Superfluous evidence of this is the OBKhSS, which was supposed to keep this issue under control and not allow bribe-takers of all stripes to relax too much

Why the host of the "Health" program on Soviet TV interrupted her career: Yulia Belyanchikova

Why the host of the "Health" program on Soviet TV interrupted her career: Yulia Belyanchikova

In the Soviet Union, Yulia Belyanchikova was known and loved. She was called the chief physician of the country, she was consulted and considered almost a member of the family. The recommendations of the "television doctor" were brought to life, and the advice and recipes that Yulia Belyanchikova shared in the program were even recorded. When she stopped appearing on the screens for some time, the audience immediately began to write and call the editorial office, worrying about the fate of the presenter

Soviet actresses who ended their days in a mental hospital: Tatyana Peltzer, Natalia Bogunova, etc

Soviet actresses who ended their days in a mental hospital: Tatyana Peltzer, Natalia Bogunova, etc

You can often hear the opinion that creative people are constantly on the verge of real and fictional worlds, and this trait can be so subtle that once you stumble, madness cannot be avoided. After all, often the price for talent and success is too high. You don't have to go far for examples. Among the Soviet actresses treated kindly by fate, there are those whose mental strength was undermined, and they ended their lives in hospitals for psychiatric patients

The tragic fates of the most beautiful actresses of the 80s: Anna Samokhina, Maria Zubareva, etc

The tragic fates of the most beautiful actresses of the 80s: Anna Samokhina, Maria Zubareva, etc

Despite the fact that the 80s became the harbingers of the decline of the USSR, the cinema of that time did not think to give up its positions. Moreover, many talented actors and actresses shone at this time. It is worth mentioning the latter separately, because, as it turned out, some of them, by their own example, proved the correctness of the phrase “do not be born beautiful, but be born happy”. The fate of some arrivals of the 80s was tragic

Traitor or writer: How was the life of the Soviet intelligence officer Vladimir Rezun, who fled to Great Britain

Traitor or writer: How was the life of the Soviet intelligence officer Vladimir Rezun, who fled to Great Britain

Today he even has a passport in the name of Viktor Suvorov, although in reality he is Vladimir Rezun, a former GRU resident officer. In 1978, while in Geneva, Vladimir Rezun fled to Great Britain, where he asked for political asylum. He is still called a traitor and they say that even his own father stopped communicating with him, and his grandfather could not at all survive the flight of his grandson. How was the life of a former intelligence officer and what does he do?

Why the sister of the famous Elina Bystritskaya was accused of harming the actress

Why the sister of the famous Elina Bystritskaya was accused of harming the actress

Elina Bystritskaya was called one of the first beauties of Soviet cinema, and the audience will forever remember her in the role of Aksinya from Sergei Gerasimov's film "Quiet Don". Elina Avraamovna passed away at the age of 92, but even after her death, proceedings continued in connection with the last days of her life. Then Sofia Shegelman, the sister of Elina Bystritskaya, was even accused of harming the actress. But everything turned out to be much more complicated

What became famous for the 10 most beautiful actresses of old Hollywood

What became famous for the 10 most beautiful actresses of old Hollywood

They seem to be perfect in everything, actresses of the heyday of Hollywood: perfect faces, impeccable hairstyles, elegant outfits. Even today they are able to outshine any instadive. But they conquered not only with their appearance. Behind the shoulders of each actress was her own story and her own path to success. They became legends during their lifetime, they were idolized, imitated and envied. The list of these beauties can be endless, but in today's review we suggest recalling the most famous

Why Soviet child prodigies were unsuccessful in adult life

Why Soviet child prodigies were unsuccessful in adult life

How can you not admire a little girl who still does not know how to write, but reads her own poems with inspiration, or a young grandmaster who can beat serious adult chess players? These children quickly get used to fame and general delight in their address, and then they turn out to be completely unprepared to meet face to face with the realities of life. In our today's review, we will talk about the tragic fate of the most famous wunderkinds in the USSR

10 Soviet films that are popular with Western audiences

10 Soviet films that are popular with Western audiences

For the Soviet audience, these films have long become classics. They are remembered and known almost by heart, they can quote the most vivid statements of the heroes without hesitation. However, the Western audience also had the opportunity to appreciate the masterpieces of Soviet cinema. For some, these films became an opportunity to get to know the mysterious Russian soul, while others studied the life of ordinary Soviet citizens from them. Whatever it was, but some of our cult films are popular abroad today

The main bitches of Hollywood: 10 actresses with an obnoxious character that colleagues fear

The main bitches of Hollywood: 10 actresses with an obnoxious character that colleagues fear

Among celebrities, it is not so common to meet people who are docile and calm. But legends can be made about the whims and extravagances of actresses who have achieved success. Some of the divas exceed all expectations. They do not value public opinion, but they are ready to destroy everyone who gets in their way. Behind the fragile shoulders of the heroines of our today's review are offended men and women who have experienced all the delights of the star's heavy character

5 successful Soviet actresses, whose fates were tragic, and the audience had no idea

5 successful Soviet actresses, whose fates were tragic, and the audience had no idea

Soviet cinema was a unique phenomenon. The directors have created stunning films that have made generations of viewers fall in love with them. Actors who starred in popular films instantly became famous. Glory and respect awaited them, however, many faced very difficult life trials. The beauties of the actress became idols, millions of Soviet women wanted to be like them, however, few people guessed how tragically the fate of some of them was

What 8 former first ladies of the USA did after they left the White House

What 8 former first ladies of the USA did after they left the White House

The official position of "first lady" does not exist, but the wives of the leaders of the countries always play a rather important role in the life of the country. Especially in the USA, where, in fact, this concept came from. Some former first ladies get so tired of being in the spotlight that they crave privacy and a quiet life, but for most, the lack of social responsibilities seems rather boring

The 8 most influential first ladies in the world: How they were remembered and in what they surpassed their presidential husbands

The 8 most influential first ladies in the world: How they were remembered and in what they surpassed their presidential husbands

Being the wife of a head of state is not an easy job, and many of those whose husbands become presidents are not ready to be in full view all the time. But for some, the achievement of a high position by a spouse is a matter of honor. Already during the election campaign, the candidate and his other half act as a united front, and after the victory they again stand shoulder to shoulder in the political arena. Today we invite you to remember the most influential and brightest first ladies in history

How the family life of the generals of the Patriotic War of 1812 developed: Charming dandies of the past

How the family life of the generals of the Patriotic War of 1812 developed: Charming dandies of the past

The names of the heroes of the Patriotic War of 1812 are widely known. They were all related by love for their native land and the unparalleled courage with which they defended their homeland. And outside of battles and battles, everyone had their own life. Next to them were charming wives who were waiting for husbands from the war. What were they, the glorious companions of Russian heroes, how did the family life of talented commanders develop?

Scientists have uncovered the secret of the most ancient Egyptian pyramid

Scientists have uncovered the secret of the most ancient Egyptian pyramid

In the area of Saqqara, not far from the ruins of the ancient Egyptian city of Memphis, among the 12 royal pyramids, is the oldest pyramid of Egypt. This pyramid is one of the most impressive ancient monuments. The reason for this is not only her grandeur, but also her age - and he is more than impressive. The six-step pyramid of Djoser is more than 4,700 years old today. So what secrets does this grandiose structure hide?

Why Mother Teresa was considered a saint and then called an "angel from hell"

Why Mother Teresa was considered a saint and then called an "angel from hell"

Saint Teresa of Calcutta, or better known as Mother Teresa, is the founder of the women's Catholic monastic congregation of missionary sisters who served all the poor and sick. She was not like other people who dream of material wealth. Since childhood, Mother Teresa did not think about her needs, but wanted to help everyone who needed her help. This nun even won the Nobel Peace Prize. But is she really that holy and merciful? And why do many call her B

Where do false doors lead in ancient Egyptian tombs, and who could pass through them

Where do false doors lead in ancient Egyptian tombs, and who could pass through them

These "doors" are called false because they do not lead anywhere and cannot be passed through. True, this is true only for an ordinary, living person. Because, according to the ideas of the ancient Egyptians, the false door performed very important functions, and its presence in some rooms was absolutely necessary - otherwise, expect trouble. Some could only walk through a door like this

How the monk Savonarola fought against art and luxury, and how it all ended

How the monk Savonarola fought against art and luxury, and how it all ended

People like Girolamo Savonarola, history does not like, deals with them cruelly. With people who are trying to stop natural social processes by bringing back to life something obsolete that should be left in the past. And even though the bygone era won in something over the new one, it is impossible to reverse the development of human civilization even for the sake of correcting the flaws that have recently appeared. But a place in history for Savonarola was nevertheless found, which is also natural - too extraordinary and consistent in

A successful diplomat who became a disgrace to the USSR, or How the favorite of the head of the Soviet Foreign Ministry fled to the USA

A successful diplomat who became a disgrace to the USSR, or How the favorite of the head of the Soviet Foreign Ministry fled to the USA

One of the most famous Soviet defectors in the 70s was the diplomat and closest friend of the family of the head of the Foreign Ministry, Arkady Shevchenko. Then few people could understand what this person lacked. He had a dusty, interesting job abroad, fabulous income, and a loving family. Shevchenko's children studied at eminent universities, their further career successes under their father's wing were guaranteed. He betrayed everyone: family, patron, country. Then they said that there was no such shame in the USSR yet

The ideal wife or the brilliant deceiver: What is known about Jill Biden, the wife of the new president of the United States

The ideal wife or the brilliant deceiver: What is known about Jill Biden, the wife of the new president of the United States

US presidential elections have always attracted attention. And while politicians were watching the counting of votes, and ordinary people were betting on the winner, many people are paying attention to the woman who, after the inauguration, will become the first lady of the United States. The story of Jill and Joe Baden's acquaintance and long life together looks quite romantic and innocent, but Jill's first husband claims that the spouses have been deceiving the whole world for many years

Jacqueline Kennedy's secrets: Why she respected Khrushchev's wife, took the children from the United States and hated the wives of other presidents

Jacqueline Kennedy's secrets: Why she respected Khrushchev's wife, took the children from the United States and hated the wives of other presidents

One of the most famous first ladies of the world and the United States, Jacqueline Kennedy, is known not only for her not the happiest personal life. Dying from a serious illness, Jacqueline left memories that were published and translated into many languages. From these memories, you can learn a lot of interesting things about what the Kennedy curse was, how Jacqueline treated other first ladies, including Khrushchev's wife, and why her two first marriages were unhappy

Why Nicole Kidman was blacklisted in Hollywood

Why Nicole Kidman was blacklisted in Hollywood

She skyrocketed to the heights of fame and was able to win many awards, including two Oscars and two Golden Globes. Nicole Kidman became one of the highest paid actresses in the world three times and was twice included in the list of the most influential people. But at some point, Nicole Kidman disappeared from the screens, and in the Western media there was news that she was on the so-called "black list" of Hollywood, and several companies broke the contract with her